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Umbhali wokugcina okuphelele uyaphendula kunciphisa ukuzimela kwezinto ezingenakwenzeka kanye nokuzimela kwezinto ezinokwenzeka ngokuphathelene nokuqonda kokuzimela. Le mboni yokuzimela kwemithombo yokuqha iyagcina inkimbinkimbi yokuqha ngokuthi yisibonelo esikhulu sokuzimela, futhi iyagcina izinto ozokuzimela ngokuphathelene noma yiliphi ikomponenti. Iyahlukwe ngokuphatha kwezindlela zokusebenza — phambi kokususa, ngokusebenza, kanye nokuvuleka kwezinsuku zokuzimela — le zinto zihlanganisa abasupervisiwe bempofu nabamekhaniki ukuze bavumise isimo ngokushesha kanye nokuphathelene. Ngalinye lezinto liyagcina isimo esikhulayo sokuvumisa, ngakho-ke ukuvumisa noma ukungavumisa kushesha kunezindaba.
Iphaze 1: Ukuzimela phambi kokususa
Ukuzimela phambi kokususa kwe-Jaw Crusher ne-Cone/Impact Crusher
Ngaphambi kokuthi ilayini ithakelwe, amaqembu kufanele abonise ukuthi i-jaw crusher ne-cone crusher noma i-impact crusher aqinisekile ukuthi izokuvula. Ukuphatha kwezinkulungwane zokugcina kusobala ngokubona: bonisa ukuthi isikhumba sokugcina asinezilithi ezihlukene, hebu izibholti zezincili zemphakathi nezilayini ukuze zibe yisikhala, futhi bonisa ukuthi i-flywheel ayikho kusobala. Hebu isitsha sokuqondisa ne-pitman ukuze bibe nenkolo yegrease noma izihluzi. Thabatha isilinganiso sesikhala sezinkulungwane emva kwezinsuku ezimibili ezingavuliyo; ukulinganiswa okuphelele okufana nokulinganiswa kwesikhathi sokusha kuyaphumelela, kodwa ukuphanda kahle kubonisa ukuthi inkulungwane iyahluka futhi kufanele ikhululwe ngaphambi kokuthi kubhekwe ngokuphelele.
Ukuphatha Kwesifunda Sokuhamba Noma Kwesifunda Sokubona Ngaphambi Kokuvula
Umbhali wokuvibratha kufanele abeke isibonelo esihle, esihle kakhulu kusukela kumshini wokuvula. Hlola ipheni yombhali ukubona ukuthi kunezinto eziphakanyiswa, qiniseka ukuthi izikhumba zokugcina ziyisodwa, futhi hlola ukuthi izibhodi zokuvula azizihlukanisiwe ngamafinesi emvula. Kusukela kwisikrini esivibratha, qiniseka ukuthi isikrini sikhuluma ngokuphelele futhi ubheka izihluzi ezingavali noma izibhodi ezingaqondi. Qiniseka ukuthi isikrini asinezinkampani ezingaqondi futhi ukuthi umoto wokuvibratha uvulela ngendlela ethiyo kusuka kwenkampani. Ukuthi isikrini siyisodwa ngokuqalisa kuyenza ukuthi isikhumba sivale kahle ngomshini wokusukela kusukela kwezinsuku ezinye.
Isibhali sokuhamba nokumoto/ukudluliswa kweqala
Yahamba indlela yomshini wokugcina futhi ujonge ukuthi kunezinto eziphakanyiswa kuzo amaroller okubuyela, ukungafani kwezindawo, nokufupha kwamagqabi. Qiniseka ukuthi umshini wokugcina unemithwalo elinganayo ukuze ipulley yokudrivha ibe nesikhathi esifanele ngaphandle kokushaya. Kwenqaba yokudrivha/umshini, ujonge amagqabi okukhanya, uyelela ukuthi kukhona ukushaya okungcono ngokujogisa, futhi uqiniseke ukuthi idolo lekabhinethi yekhilikhalu liyavuliwe futhi liyashisile. Ukuvula ukugcina kufanele kwenziwe ngokulandela i-OSHA 29 CFR 1910.147 kabefore ukuvula ukugcina — ukuvula imithwalo ayikwenzeka ngaphambi kokuthatha isikhathi sokushaya. Lezi zinyathelo ezihlakanipile ziyadala umgqa wokuqala wezindlela zokuhlela izinkampani zokugcina ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Iphaze lesibili: Izinqumbu zokusebenza
Izinyathelo zokuzilungisa ngokusebenza zihlela ukuzilungisa kwezinkulungwane zokuphatha, kubona iziphulo ezingakwaziwa ngokuzilungisa phambi kokusuka. Abasebenzi baya kuhamba kulelizindlela ngomkhathi othile futhi bakhetha izincazelo ukuze izinto ezihlukahlukene zibonakale. Isifundo sikhuluma ngokubona okwesibili: ukucorrecta okuncane manje kungahlinzeka ukungasebenza kwezinsuku eziningi emuva. Kudonsela ukubona kwezindawo ne-remote monitoring yekhanda uma kufakwe, kodwa ungavamile ukubona ngokugcina kwezinkulungwane zokuphatha ne-vibration ngokwesikrini kuphela.
Amapharti okuphatha, isikhathi sokubusa kwezinkulungwane nezinyathelo zokuzilungisa izihlangothi
Ngokuphatha kwezinsuku, isikhundla sesiqinisekiso sibuyela kubizwa kweminyaka yokuqala yokugcina. Funa ubunzima bezinkambo zokugcina kwezinkambo zokugcina kwe-crusher, feeder, ne-screen ngamazinsuku okufanayo; ukuphakama kahle kusuka kuma-75°C kusho ukuthi umsindo wokugcina uvaliwe noma ungenwe ngokungafanele. Bheka ubunzima bezinkambo zokugcina ne-hammer kwe-impact crusher — ukubonakala kahle kubonisa ukuthi kukhona izinkinga zokugcina kwezinkambo zokugcina. Thabatha isampulu yezinkambo zokugcina ngamahora ngamahora ukuze ukuthi ukubonakala kwezinkambo zokugcina kuzobonisa umsebenzisi phambi kokuthi izinkambo zokugcina ziyodlula kwezinkambo zokugcina zokugcina. Ukuthabatha isampulu ngokuphathelene kuzosha izinkinga ezingenziwe ngokuphathelene kwezinsuku zokugcina.
Ukudlula kwezinkambo kuzoyisola amabholthi. Sebenzisa i-torque wrench engeziwe ukuze uphinde uqinisekise ubunzima bezinkambo zokugcina kwezinkambo zokugcina kwe-crusher frame joints, screen side plates, ne-feeder suspension emva kwezinsuku zokugcina zokugcina. Ngaphakathi kwezinkambo zokugcina, bheka ukuthi kukhona ukubonakala kwezinkambo zokugcina, amaterminali angasebenzi, nokuhlela. Izirandeli zika-ANSI/NEMA zokugcina kufanele zihambisane nezinkambo zokugcina; izinkambo zokugcina ezinomthwalo ziyavumela ukuthi kuzobonakala kwezinkambo zokugcina. Thabatha izincazelo ukuze ubeke isifundo esisiza ekukhombeni ukugcina kusukela kwezinsuku zokugcina kusukela kwezinsuku zokugcina kusukela kwezinsuku zokugcina.
Ukuphakanyiswa Kwesitsha, Ukubheka Kwezilayini Zokugcina Umgxuma Nokubheka Kwemithwalo
Isitsha esihlukile sisula amandla futhi sibhala isitsha. Phinda ubheke ukuphakanyiswa kwesitsha ngokusebenza kanye nokulungisa izinkampani ukuze isitsha sibe phakade kumkhawulo wokwenziwa. Bheka izilayini zokugcina umgxuma wemashini yokugqila nasezinkampani zokunika isitsha ukuze izinga lezincane libe phakade, okuhlanza imithwalo yezilayini. Phinda ushise amabhreningi ngomkhawulo othengiswe ngokuphathelene nobuchwepheshe obuyintshiselwe; ukushisa kakhulu kuyisilingo sokushisa ngokungafanele ngoba kususha umshilo kuzilayini kanye nokuphakanyisa isikhathi sokusebenza kwamabhreningi.
Iphase 3: Ukubheka Kwesikhathi Sokuvalelwa Ngokuphathelene Nobuchwepheshe
Ukuvalelwa ngokuphathelene nobuchwepheshe kukhona lapho ukubheka kwemashini yokugqila kufuna isiphumo, kubeka izinhlobo zokuhlukana ngokushesha kunezinhlobo zokuvavanya ngokuphathelene nobuchwepheshe nezincwadi. Sibone konke ukuvavanya ngokuphathelene nobuchwepheshe njengendlela yokubheka, akalifanele ukuba kufanele kuphinde kube yindlela yokulungisa kuphela. Ukubheka kwezinhlobo zokuhlukana zonke kubhekisa ukuthi kungabikho ukubheka ngokuphathelene nobuchwepheshe kanye nokulungisa isikhathi sokusebenza kanye nokubhala isikhathi sokusebenza.
Izilayini, Izilayini Zokubheka Kwezinye Izingxenye Kwayo Nokulungisa Ukubambisana Kwamashini
Kusukela kwezikhathi zokuvutha okwenzekile, bala ubude be-liner ngaphansi kwesilinganiso sokugula futhi yenza ukuguqula noma ukubuyisa kabusha kabefore kufupha kwe-backing. Kusikrini esisihlukahlukayo, guqula isikrini esithile esithile futhi qiniseka ukuthi isikrini sivame ngokulingana. Sichecka ukulingana kwe-drive phakathi kwe-motor ne-reducer ngokusebenzisa isithu sesilashe; ukungalingani kwe-coupling kuhambisa umthelela wokugula kwi-bearings. Lezi zichecki ziyakugcina ukuphulwa okungakwenzeka ngokuphathelene nokuphatha okwenzekile, okuncane ukuthenga, futhi bakhombisa ukuthi iratio yokucisha iyalingana ngaphakathi kwezinhlobo zezinto ezizokuthengwa.
Isibonelo Sesiphumo: I-Weihui 300 TPH Limestone Line
Isivikela sesilika se-300 TPH esikhundleni seWeihui, eHenan, sisebenzisa i-hammer crusher ye-PCZ1512, i-sand maker ye-ZSJ1416, kanye ne-screen ye-2YKZ2460. Umkhondo wokusebenza: umsebenzisi waphumula izimboni zokuvula ngokuphelele ngenkathi yezinsukwane ezinkulu ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi kufakwa amathonsi. Ingxenye yokungafani: ubholthi lwesilinga esingavuliwe kwisikhundla se-hammer crusher wabangela ukuthi isilinga sishintshwe, okwakhabangaphansi ukuthi kubhekwe ngokungafani kanye nokuthi kususwa isikhundla ngamazinsukwane amathathu, okwakasusa i-sand maker kanye ne-screen. Isiphumo: isivikela sibhala isimo sokuziphatha kwe-crushing equipment ngokwahlukaniswa — izimboni zokuziphatha ngosuku ngosuku zokugcina ubholthi kanye nokuhlola ukuthi ibheya iyakhula, futhi izimboni zokuziphatha ngomzuzu ozodwa zokuhlola isilinga ngokuphuma kwezikhundla, noma kubhalwe izindlela zokubona ukuthi kuyasebenza kahle. Isiphumo: ukususwa kwezikhundla ngokungafani kushushiswa kakhulu, futhi ukuthi isilinga sokuproduka sithintshwa kahle phakathi kwezilinganiso ze-1–5 mm kanye ne-5–13 mm, okwakabuyisa ukuthi kutholakala ukuthi kuthunyelwa ngokuphelele.
Umbiko kanye nokulungiselela ukuthenga
Ukuphatha kwezinkampani zokugcina izinto ezihlukene kuzo kungafana ngezintlobo zezinto zokusebenza kodwa kubaluleke ukuthi kwenziwe ngokuphathelene nokufanele. Yenza amaphepha okuchekisa avela phezu kwezinye i-card ephathelene ne-1 iphepha, yenza amaphethini ekuseni kwezinkinga zokuvumela, futhi yilapho ukuthi kubonakaliswe kwi-ISO 9001 record system yomkhakha ukuze ukuchekisa kube lula. Uma uyathenga izinto ezintsha, ubiza ukuthi kubonakaliswe amaphepha okuchekisa futhi umaphethini wamaphepha okuthengiswa kwezinto ezihlukene kusuka kusuplaya, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi izinto zokuvikela nezinto zokuvimba kuyasebenza ngokwesifundo sika-OSHA 29 CFR 1910. Menyeza izinto ozizoba zihlukene ngokuthi kubonakaliswe ukuthi kuzoba kuhlanganiswa, akakho uma kufa. Ukuchekisa okuphathelene nokufanele kuvikela ukuphatha, isikhathi sokusebenza, nokuthengiswa ngokuphathelene nokufanele.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Umbuzo
Izinto ziphi ezingahlanganiswa kwezincamango zokuchekisa phambi kokuthatha isebenza?
Impendulo: Isilungiselelo phambi kokugqibela sikhombisa ukuthi isikhumba sisivuliwe, amabholthi we-liner ne-cheek-plate, ukuthi kunezinto ezingavumeli ukuthi zibe kwi-flywheel, nokuthi kune-grease kwi-toggle seat. Kuma-feeder ne-screen, qinisa ukuthi amaspring mounts ayisivuliwe, ukuthi iscreen cloth ayisitensiwe ngokuphelele, nokuthi umoto ayisemthethweni wokubhala. Amabandela ayadinga ukuthi kunezinkinga zokuvula kwamagxila okubuyela futhi ukuthi kune-tension eyodwa. Yenza ubukhulu lokuthi uqinisekise ukuthi kune-lockout/tagout kabusha phambi kokuvula yisibonelo esiyisigwili. Lezi zindikimba zinezinsuku eziningi kodwa zizokuvikela izinkinga zezinsuku zokuqala futhi ziyakuvikela umgqa ukuthi uzosha ngokuphelele.
Umbuzo
Kuzoba ngangaphi ukuthi isimo sesikhumba siyafuneka kubhalwa ngczasana ekusebenzeni?
Impendulo: Bhalisa isimo sesikhumba ngamaxesha amathile — okukodwa ngamahora amabili ngokufanayo kuseshift yokubhala ngokwanele futhi ngokuphansi kwesistimu yokulungisa kwezindawo. Ukubhalwa okuphambili kusuka kuma-75°C kubonisa ukuthi ilubricant iyadlula noma kunezinto ezingavumelekile kuyo futhi kufanele kwenziwe ukubhala kwe-grease noma ukuthi umoto ushale ngokuphelele. Ukubhala lezi zinto ngomnyaka uyabona ukuthi kunezinkinga ezinkulu ngaphambi kokuthi kunezinkinga eziphambili eziyakubiza ukuthi kufanele kuthulwe ngokungafanele kumgqa wokuproducwa.
Umbuzo
Izifastener ziphi ezingadinga ukuthi kubhalwe ngokuthi kune-torque emva kokuthi kwenziwe isishintsha esisha?
Impendulo: Ukuphakama kwenqubo kususa amabholthi ngokukhawuleza. Emva kokugcina isikhathi esisha sokuphatha kwisikhathi esisha, qinisa futhi ukuthi amabholthi ayisisekelo ayisodwa ngokusebenzisa isikhombisa esisodwa ngokuphelele emaphakathini okuphakama kwe-crusher, amaphakathi we-screen, amaphakathi we-feeder, nokubhala amabholthi wemotor-base ngokusebenzisa isikhombisa esisodwa ngokuphelele. Amabholthi we-liner ne-hammer-rotor kwe-impact crushers ne-hammer crushers kufanele abhekwe ngokukhululeka kakhulu. Ukubhala ngokuphelele konke okutholakayo kusenza isibalo esisodwa sokuthi ukuphakama kuyakwenzeka kabusha ngaphambi kokuba kubheke isibonelo sokungasebenzi kahle.
Umbuzo
Kungani ubunzima bewe-dust seal kubandlulula ubunzima bokuphatha kwe-crusher bearing?
Impendulo: Ukuphatha kwe-Crushing Equipment okuhle kusindisa amabearing ngokujabula amathambo okuphakama ekugrease film. Isi-dust seal esihlukile sivumela amathambo okuphakama asifike ku-bearing, okuvutha ukuphakama futhi ukuphanda kwezinyathelo kusukela kuzoba yilokho okubhekene nesibonelo sokungasebenzi kahle. Ukubuyisa amaseal emasikhathi esithile akukhulu ukuthengiswa, kodwa umuvi owenziwe ngamathambo okuphakama uyadinga ukuphatha kabanzi. Bheka amaliphi we-seal ngokugcina isikhathi esithile futhi uhlale uhlakaniphile ukuthi ilabyrinth ibe lisafanele ukuthintela izikhathi zokusebenza.
Umbuzo
Kuphi kufanele ukuthintela ukuphakama kwebelt yekonveya ngaphansi kwezinqumo?
Impendulo: Hlela ubukhulu bebandi kuphela emva kokuthi ikonveya ayifika ekuseni kwezimali, ngoba izilinganiso zokungena kwezinkambo ziyaphakama emva kokuthi umfanekiso uphakathi kwebandi. Sicela ukubona ukuphakama kwesikhundla esiphakathi futhi uhlule amathake-iphi ukuze ipuli yokuqala iyabamba ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokugcina noma ukuphakama kwesibhakabhaka. Sicela ukubonisa kabusha emva kwehora yokuqala yezinsizakwane. Ubukhulu obuhle bukhula ukuphatha kwamandla, bukhula ukungafani kwezimali, futhi buyilinda ibandi nezinhlobo zezinhlobo zokuphatha.