Isitolo Sokugcina Amathanga Kwilimestone, Igarneti nebasalt

Kungani Ubuchwepheshe Bezinkambu Bakhetha Isivathelwano sokugcina Ukubuyisela

I-Mohs Hardness, Ubukhulu Bekubhakha, nokuziphatha Kwe-Fracture: Limestone vs. Granite vs. Basalt

Ubuchwepheshe bezinkambu ozokuphatha kuzo kubandakanya kakhulu indlela crushing plants bakhwakha kahle. Faka isilimstone njengombuzo, okhuluma ngokupheleleyo phakathi kwe-3 ne-4 kusuka kusikala sa-Mohs. Kuyabona ukuthi kubhukwa ngaphansi kwalezizindlela zokubhukwa zokucacisa kwe-calcite futhi akakhathali kubhukwa kahle ngokujwayelekileyo. Isigaba se-granite sibiza isibonelo esisodwa. Nge-sikala sa-Mohs siphakathi kwe-6 ne-7, leli litho libe lomkhulu ngokuba kunezinkrystal eziqinisekile zika-quartz ne-feldspar, ngakho kufuneka kwenziwe umbiko wokubhukwa omingi ukuze kubhukwe kahle. Isigaba se-basalt sifolowu ngaphezu kwe-5 ne-6 kusikala sokubhukwa. Nakuba akakhathali kubhukwa kahle njengoba kwa-granite, isigaba se-basalt sibhukisa izinkampani kahle ngokubhukwa kwezinye izinto zokusebenza nangokubhukwa kwezindlela zokubhukwa zokuhlanganisa izihlangothi. Ukuthenga izinkampani ezifanele kuyisidingo esikhulu lamanje. Izinkampani ezingaqondani izithuthi zezithuthi zabo nezinkampani eziphambili zokubhukwa ziyabona ukuthi izilayini ziyadlula kuphela ama-40 ku-60 percent yendawo yabo yokuqhubeka, futhi zihlukanisa amandla angaphezu kwe-25 ku-35 percent ngokwesibonelo sesayensi esitholakala ku-Aimix ngo-2025.

Indlela Oyintshiselwe Ngayo Imithwalo Yomfanekiso Ukukhetha Umshweshwe Futhi Ukubona Isikhathi Sokusebenza Kwakho

Umbizo wokuthi yini imithwalo esiyisebenzisayo kuyaphinda kude kwezimboni zokuphakama kokugcina uma kufanele sikhethwe isikhululi esihle sokusebenza. Izikhululi zesibhamu zisebenza ngempela nge-granite ngoba zinamandla okugcina okukhulu, kodwa kufanele ubheke izibhamu zokugcina ngokuzimisa ngokushesha ukusuka kwe-basalt. Izikhululi zesikonzi zinakubika izinye zezinye zezindawo zokugcina ngokulinganayo kwe-granite ne-limestone esihle, kodwa zinakudala izinye ezinkulu zezinye zezindawo zokugcina uma zifunyiselwa nge-limestone esincane noma esingqondile. Izikhululi zokuhambisa ngokuvutha kwe-vertical shaft (VSIs) zinamandla okudala izinye zezinye zezindawo zokugcina eziphakeme kwe-basalt, kodwa lezi zikhululi ziziphilisa kakhulu uma zifunyiselwa nge-limestone esinezilwane zokuvutha noma esinezilwane zokuvutha zokugcina okuzikhipha. Ukuchaza okuhle phakathi kwezithakazelo zokugcina nezikhululi zokusebenza kuyabika ukuthi izilayini zizolungiswa kusukela ku-8 ku-12 eminyakeni eyengeziwe, futhi kunezinkinga ezingu-30% zokubuyisela ukusebenza kwemithwalo ngokwesikhathi esedlule ngokwesiqukuthi se-P&Q Magazine. Abaqashi abaningi beshiya amasipho asezingeni eliphezulu manje abavumela ukusebenzisa amasipho amathathu ase-manganese ne-chromium okusukela kwezithakazelo zokugcina ezinamandla okugcina okukhulu. Lezi zisipho eziningi zizokuphatha ukuthi kuzofuneka zibuyiselwe kancane, okuyisidingo esikhulu kwezindleko zokusebenza ngomnyaka.

Ukuhlelwa kwe-Flow yomkhumbulo wokuphatha ukuthi kubhekiswe kumakhanda okuphathelene nokuqondwa kwezinhlobo zokuphatha

Ukugcinwa kwezinguquko ngeminyaka: Jaw (Kwesibini), Cone (Kwesibili), VSI (Kwesithathu) ukuthi kubhekiswe kumakhanda okuphathelene nokuhlelwa kwemikhumbulo

Isimo esihle kakhulu sokusebenzisa izinto ezinezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuphakanyiswa kusobala ngokwesithathu isikhathi: okokuqala isibhamu, emva koko isibhamu sesikhephe, futhi ekugcineni isibhamu se-VSI. Isibhamu sesokuqala sisebenzisa izinkomo ezingaphezulu kwe-1500mm futhi sibeka kuzo ukuthi zibe phakade kwe-200–300mm ngokusebenzisa ukubeka phakathi. Lokhu kusebenza kahle nakuba kusobala ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zemifula ngaphandle kokuthi kubekwe phakade kakhulu. Emva kwalokho kufika isibhamu sesesibili sesikhephe esizama ukunciphisa kabanzi ukuthi kube phakade kwe-20–50mm. Abasebenzi bafaka amathuba ekuthinteni imithambo yalesi siyakhiwa ukuze bafunde ukuthi bakhululeke kakhulu ngokubeka ubuchwepheshe bokuphakanyiswa ngaphandle kokuthi kubekwe phakade kakhulu kwezinhlobo zemifula zokuphakanyiswa njengomifula wasegranite nebasalt. Kusobala kwesithathu isibhamu sesesithathu se-VSI esizama ukuthi kube phakade kwe-5–20mm ngenxa yokubeka ubuchwepheshe obuhle bokuphakanyiswa. Nakuba izinkomo zihlakanipha kahle ngalokhu, sizibona izinkomo ezingaphezulu kwe-95% zezinhlobo zokuphakanyiswa ngokwesiqondiso kwezinhlobo zemifula yasebasalt futhi kunezinhlobo ezingaphezulu kwezinhlobo ezinane nezincane kwezinhlobo zemifula yasegranite. Lokhu wonke kuyasinda ukuthi ukuphakanyiswa kubhekene nesikhathi sokusebenza futhi kusinda ukuthi kubekwe phakade kakhulu kwezindawo ezingcono kakhulu. Amasithili abayisebenzisa le ndlela eyisithathu kusobala kusobala kusobala ukuthi izibhamu zabo zisobala ngokuphakanyiswa kwe-80–85% nakuba kusobala ngezinhlobo ezilula kakhulu zemifula ezingaphakanyiswa. Futhi, kusobala kusobala ukuthi kubhekene nokuthi kusobala ngokuphakanyiswa kwe-30% kubhekene nokuthi kusobala ngezinhlobo ezilula kakhulu zemifula ezingaphakanyiswa.

Ukukhetha Kwemithombo Yokugcina Ngokwesicelo Nokuthi Kufanele Kuphumelele

Amacresha Ama-Jaw Bakhoza Ukugcina Okuphakeme Kwizibonelo Zokugcina Ezintathu

Amachaweru e-Jaw ayasebenza kahle kakhulu ekuthinteni imithwalo njenge-limestone, i-granite, ne-basalt ngoba bayasebenzisa amandla okuphefumula okuphakeme kubuso bakho obuyiswe ngokuphelele. Lezi zimboni zinakusebenzisa izinto eziningi kune-1,000 tons ngamuhla, okuyisisekelo esikhundleni esikhulu xa kuselwa emaphakathi aphakeme kwezindawo zokuthinta izinkumbi lapho izizekelo zesilika zihlala ziyagcina. Xa kusebenziswa i-granite kabusha, ukusebenzisa iziphepha zesilika esizimele zokuphefumula kungakhona kubona iziphepha zezincalaphe zokuphefumula zokusebenzisa kuzoba zibe yisikhathi esingama-35% eside ngokuthi abasebenzi abaningi bafunda ngokubona. Isimo sesibini sokuthintela sibeka isebenza ngokuvuthile ngeziqu zokuthintela ezine zokuphefumula kanye neziqu zokuphefumula zokugcina, okuyisisekelo esikhundleni xa kufuneka kubekwe umsebenzi wokuthintela wokugcina wokuthintela ngokuvuthile kubizo lobuchwepheshe ngokuvuthile noma kubizo le-VSI kusukela emva. Ukulungisa kubhekwa ngokufanele futhi ngoba konke okufuneka kubuyiselwa kubuyiselwa ngokuvuthile ngemihla engama-1,500 yokusebenza. Akukho mizwa yezinhlangano zokuphefumula noma izinyathelo zokuzinga ezikwazi kusukela, ngakho-ke isikhathi sokungasebenzi siyabekwa ngokuphelele ngokuphakeme futhi ukusebenza kubhekwa ngokuvuthile kanjalo xa kusebenzwa ngokuphakeme.

Amacrusha e-Cone vs. e-VSI: Lapho Kufanele Ukhethwe Ukusuka kwe-Shape, Ukudluliswa Kwamafines, Nokusebenza Okuhambisana Ne-Basalt

Ukukhetha kwamacrusha emiphakathi yezikhathi zesibili nesithathu kuyaphendula kubizo beziprojekthi zokugcina:

• Amacrusha e-Cone ayizindilingo zokuproducisa amagregati ayoqondile ngokupheleleyo okufanayo ne-ASTM C33 kusuka kwe-limestone ne-granite. Ukuzimela kwabo phakathi kwezinye izinto kuzimelela amafines ku-<15%, kusivumela ukugcina kwezinhlobo zokugcina zezinhlobo zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane 20–50 mm, futhi kuvumela ukuguqula ngokushesha kumaqondo wokufaka uma kubuyekeka.
• Amashini Okugcina ase-VSI ayizindilingo zokuproducisa izinto ezihlubi zokuphakama kanye nezibomvu njenge-basalt. Ukuphakama kwamanzi kusuka kwezinye izinto kusuka kwezinye izinto kufika ku-95% yokupheleleyo kwe-cubicity nokungenabi kwezinhlobo zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane <10%—lokhu kuyisidingo esikhulu sokusebenza kwe-asphalt esihle kanye ne-rail ballast. Ukugcina kwesikhathi samandla kwe-rotor nesikhathi sokugcina kweziflow zokugcina kuzimelela amafines amancane ku-≈8% ngaphandle kokugcina kwesikhathi sokusebenza, futhi ukusebenzisa kwamandla kugcina 22% ngaphansi kwezinhlobo zamacrusha e-impactor ozayo. Izidata zokusebenza kwezikhululeko zokusebenza kwe-rail ballast ziqinisekisa ukuthi ukusebenza okuhle kwe-production kufika ku->98% lapho isikhathi sokusebenza kwe-rotor kwenziwe ngokupheleleyo kubasalt ukusuka kwezinhlobo zokugcina zalo.

Ukudesigna Indawo Yokugquba Ezingaphansi Kwezinkinga, Engekho Inkulu

Izinqubo zokugcina izinto zingumqondo wokubaluleka xa kufundwa ukuthi kungakanani okukhulu okwenzekayo. Khumbula iziqhelo zesibonelo sezinkampani zokugcina noma lezi ziqhelo zesibonelo sokuscreening esizokwenza ngokushesha, okuzosiza abasebenzi ukwenza ukuthi izinkampani zizwe ngaphezu kweminye njengoba azisayi yonke into futhi asiqale kusuka kuqala. Ukuchaza kunezinto kuzoyenza ukuthi kubaluleke kangaka. Izihlangothi zokuguqula ngokushesha zezihlangothi zokuphatha, izihlangothi zokuphatha zokugcina ezinakwenzeka ukuthi zifinyelele kusuka emuva, kanye nezindawo zokuhlanganisa izilungiselelo zokuhlakazela ziyabeka isikhathi sokusebenza siphansi ngeminyaka engu-30% ngokwesifundo sesifunda. Izingxenye eziphathelene ngezinto zokusebenza zingabaluleka kakhulu. Izilungiselelo zokugcina izinto zokugcina zingasiza kakhulu emaphakathini amabi. U-Mn18Cr2 uyasebenza kahle kubasalti, futhi u-Mn14 uyasebenza kahle kubhulati. Izisifundo sezilungiselelo zokugcina zokusebenza ngokushesha, ikakhulu kuma-cone crushers nezinqubo zama-VSI, ziyasiza kakhulu ukuthi izinkampani zibe nzima kakhulu. Lonke lokhu kubaluleka kakhulu ukuthi kubhekwe ukuthi izindlela zokudesigna ziyasiza ukuthi izindleko zibuyiselwe ngokushesha futhi ukuthi ukusebenza kubuyiselwe ngokushesha ngokwesifunda, ngaphandle kokuthi yini na loo nto eyakwenzeka kusuka kumkhakha, ngokwesibonelo isilimestone esinehlane noma yiliphi na loo nto elibabi kakhulu njengoba yilobasalti oluyagcina izinkampani ngokushesha.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Kungani kubalulekile ukudlula izithotho zokugqila ngamathuba amahle wezithotho zokugqila?

Ukudlula izithotho zokugqila ngamathuba amahle wezithotho zokugqila kunezindlela zokusebenza ezihle, kusisa isikhathi sokusebenza kwamaphakathi, nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.

Izithotho zokugqila ziphi zizihle kakhulu ukusebenzisa izithotho ezinkulu njenge-granite?

Izithotho zokugqila ze-Jaw ziyihle kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-granite ngoba ziqondisa amandla okugqila okuphelele kahle, nakuzo izithotho zokugqila ze-cone zinokuthenga amasiphephelo amahle angokwezibhakabhaka kwe-granite.

Yini isivathelwano sokugcina ukuthatha kuya kuhamba ngamathuba amahle wezithotho?

Ukuthatha kuya kuhamba ngokuchaza kwezithotho, ukuthatha kwezithotho, nokuthatha kwezithotho. Umthombo wozithotho ngisho yonke uyadinga izinhlelo zokusebenza nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokusebenza ngokuhle.