Sakamakon Samun Ayyukan Samun Samun

Ƙididdigar Ayyuka a cikin Layin Samarwa na Ƙari

Don inganta layin samar da kayan aiki, dole ne da farko ku fahimci yadda kowane mataki murkushewa, tacewa, da isar da a halin yanzu ke aiki da hulɗa. Nazarin mahimmanci guda biyu sun zama tushe: taswirar aikin aiki da kuma gano ƙarancin lokaci.

Fara da rubutu dukkan farko na tsarin samun abu. Farko shigar da fasaha na kuzari (crushing) zuwa farko, biyu, da uku na farko, da rubutu na ayyin alama (equipment types), saizen na abu da suka shiga (feed sizes), da saizen na abu da suka bayyana (discharge settings). Don fassara (screening), rubuta dukkan saizen na kofa (aperture size) na kofa, yadda kofa ta yi kuzari (vibration frequency), da nisba na abu da aka gaba (material split ratios). A cikin yadda abu ya tafi (conveying), rubuta yadda belt ya tafi (belt speeds), alama na kofa da aka shiga (transfer-point designs), da karamin abu da ke cikin kofa (surge pile capacities). Wannan fahimtar mai yawa (granular view) ya ba mu ga kuskuren da ke cikin—kamar abubuwan da suka tafi kuma suka tafi (recirculating loads) wanda suka gano yadda abu ya tafi (true throughput) ko ayyin da suka shiga (manual interventions) wanda suka haifar da yadda abu ya tafi (idle time).

Ayyin da aka rubuta (structured task analysis) tana taimaka wajen farko da ayyin da suka haifar da abu da ke da kyau (value-adding actions) daga abubuwan da ba su da kyau (waste). Tabili a sama (table below) ta rubuta dukkan farko na ayyin da suka fara (analysis points) a cikin farko:

Kuma ajiye waɗannan al'amari akan lokaci da kuma rabi na abu zai ƙare maimakon farko. Misali, kuma ajiye kusar mai gudunmawa wanda ya ke tsaya a 90% yanzu yana tsofafi kusar mai gudunmawa wanda ya ke taka a 80% yana haifarwa da kusar mai gudunmawa. Bayanin al'amarin da suka daga kowane al'amarin zai iya ba mu bayani da yawa wacce baya ne za mu iya saita shi—amma idan ba a samu wannan bayani na farko ba, to kowa ce za a yi shi ta hanyar fuskantar.

Kusar mai gudunmawa ba su dace da kowane abin da ya saba ba. Amma su dace da kusar mai gudunmawa wanda suka daga kusar mai gudunmawa na lokaci na farko zuwa farko. Yi amfani da lokacin da ke cikin kowane al'amarin da ke cikin kusar mai gudunmawa zuwa kusar mai gudunmawa na farko—kuma ku compare shi da lokacin da ke cikin kusar mai gudunmawa da ke cikin kusar mai gudunmawa na farko. Bayanin masu amfani da kusar mai gudunmawa na kusar mai gudunmawa sun nuna cewa kusar mai gudunmawa na kusar mai gudunmawa na kusar mai gudunmawa ne wanda ke haifarwa da kusar mai gudunmawa na kusar mai gudunmawa, amma ba kusar mai gudunmawa na kusar mai gudunmawa ba.

Kamarin kuma yawan abu da aka saba ya zama wajib. Wani ƙaramin abu mai tsaki zai iya gudun mataimakon kusurwa, amma wani ƙaramin abu mai ƙarfi zai iya gudun kuskuren da kofin da aka saba. Yi amfani da tsarin nuna a lokacin da ke daga cikin kusurwa don gano ƙarancin kamarin kuma yawan abu—kamarin kuma yawan abu da aka saba ba ta zama wajib. Lokacin da aka gano wanda abu ke taka ko lokacin da kusurwa ta shiga kofin da aka saba, kuma za a iya gano wani abu da ke taka. Daga nan, ake iya amfani da kuskuren da aka saba ko kuskuren da aka saba don gano wani abu da ke taka. Wannan tsarin da ke amfani da bayanin kamarin kuma yawan abu zai iya gudun kuskuren da aka saba.

Tattaunawa da tsarin kuskuren da aka saba

Ingantaccen yanki ya raba layin samar da kayan aiki zuwa yankuna na musamman karɓar, murƙushewa, tacewa, da adanawa kowannensu an tsara shi don daidaita kwararar kayan masarufi. Tsarin da ya dace yana rage motsi mara amfani kuma yana rage wuraren canja wurin inda asarar kayan ke faruwa sau da yawa. Matsayin murƙushewar farko kusa da hopper na abinci da fuska kai tsaye bayan murƙushewa yana rage tafiyar jigilar kayayyaki, rage zubar da ƙura. Yankunan buffer tsakanin matakai suna ɗaukar canjin canji, suna hana tashin hankali wanda ke mamaye kayan aiki na gaba. Rufe hanyoyin canja wurin da kuma rufin rufi a wuraren saukarwa suna dauke da tsabar kudi kuma suna hana ƙurar iska, rage asarar kayan har zuwa 5% idan aka kwatanta da buɗe canja wurin. Gudun da ke da ƙarfin nauyi yana rage yawan amfani da makamashi da kuma lalacewa. Kyakkyawan yanki yana la'akari da damar kulawa, tare da hanyoyi masu yawa da sarari a kusa da kayan aiki don tabbatar da aminci, ingantaccen sabis ba tare da katse samarwa ba. A cikin wannan yanayin, ana iya samun ƙarin kayan aiki na musamman don samar da kayan aiki na musamman.

Kafa kuma gaba daya na crushers, screens da conveyors suka yin ayyukan da ke nufin fuskanci wani abu ne mai mahimmanci don hana wani abu da ke haifarwa. Kwayoyin crusher ya kamata yin da kwayoyin screen—wani crusher mai ƙarfi yin da wani screen mai ƙarfi ya haifarwa kuma yin amfanin energy. Kwayoyin screen ya kamata yin 90 zuwa 95% don abubuwan da suka dace da kwayoyin, saboda konveyor da ke shiga screen ya kamata yin da kwayoyin da ke haifarwa ba tare da yin amfanin. Idan jaw crusher na farko ya haifarwa kwayoyin da ke ƙarfi ga gaba daya, scalping screen na gaba daya ya kamata yin da kwayoyin da ke ƙarfi ga gaba daya don haifarwa kuma yin amfanin. Konveyor speeds da belt widths suna zaune don yin da kwayoyin da ke haifarwa, don hana wani abu da ke haifarwa ko wani abu da ke haifarwa. Integrated control systems da suka nuna crusher load, screen amplitude, da belt speed a lokacin da suka dace suka taimaka ma'abubu da suka yi amfanin da suka yin da kwayoyin da ke haifarwa. Idan wadannan abubuwan suka dace, aggregate production line ya kamata yin da kwayoyin da ke ƙarfi da kwayoyin da ke ƙarfi, don hana wani abu da ke haifarwa da kwayoyin da ke ƙarfi.

Saukaka Tsarin Ayyuka da Canjin Ayyuka

A cikin wannan yanayin, ana iya samun ƙarin ƙarfin samar da kayan aiki a cikin masana'antun masana'antu. A cikin duwatsu masu yawa, sauyawa sau da yawa ya ƙunshi daidaitawa da ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwa, musayar fuska, da kuma sake tsara hanyar jigilar kaya - tsari wanda zai iya cinye sa'o'i na lokaci mai mahimmanci. Mabuɗin shine canza yawancin ayyukan ciki (waɗanda aka yi yayin da layin ya tsaya) zuwa na waje (waɗanda aka kammala yayin da yake gudana).

Tsarin tsari yana mai da hankali kan manyan fannoni uku:

• Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Bayyana ainihin, mataki-by-mataki daidaitawa jerin ga kowane irin samfurin canji kawar da zato da kuma sadarwar m, tabbatar m sa quality.

• Kayan aiki da aka riga aka shirya da kuma sassa: Sa dukan kayan aikin da ake bukata, kayan aiki da kayan aiki a wurin da ake canja kaya kafin a daina aiki, zai hana a ɓata lokaci wajen neman abubuwa masu muhimmanci.

• Tsarin Canjin Sauri: Zuba jari a cikin tsarin shimfidawa, tsarin matse ruwa, da kuma saitawa ta atomatik da aka sarrafa ta hanyar girke-girke a kan masu murkushewa yana canza sa'o'i masu tsawo a cikin ayyuka da aka auna a cikin minti.

Ta hanyar tsara tsarin saiti don saurin gudu da maimaitawa, ayyukan na iya rage girman tsari, amsawa da sauri ga buƙatun abokin ciniki, da haɓaka lokacin aiki na samar da kayan aiki gaba ɗaya.

Yin Amfani da Ka'idodin Lean don Ci gaba da Inganci

Fasahar da tashin masu amfani na farko don gudunmawa, kuma da tsarin shigarwa da tsarin rarraba wani hoto ya zama mafi kyau don ƙarfi na aggrigate. Tsarin aiki mai ban sha’i yana nuna cewa kowace shi yana amfani da hanyar siffo, kuma yana kusantarwa wani abu da ke haifar da ƙarfi ko ƙarfi ba ta yin ƙarfi. Kada kadan da wannan tsari da tsarin zaman lissafi na farko yana nuna lokacin farko na kowace gudunmawa. Sensor daga feeder da motor na gudunmawa suna tabbatar da lokacin gudunmawa, kuma yana nuna lokacin da abubuwa suka fara kuma lokacin da suka ƙare, kuma yana nuna farko daga tsarin da aka bayani. Wannan bayani yana nufin cewa masu amfani suna iya tabbatar da farko na tsarin shigarwa. Idan gudunmawa ta jaw ya fara kuma yana kara lokaci da aka bayani, alama ta nuna cewa akwai abu da ke tsakawa ko akwai abu da ke kara kuskur. Lokacin da aka tabbatar da yana kara kuskur yana nuna cewa akwai abu da ke kara kuskur. Tattalin arziki ta nuna cewa gudunmawa da feeder suna kara kuskur da kuskur, kuma yana nuna cewa akwai abu da ke kara kuskur.

Masu Sabon Gaskiya

Yaya ne kamar yadda ake ƙara da mahimmanci na ‘workflow mapping’ wani abu da ke taimaka wajen ƙarfi na sarrafa ‘aggregate production line’?

‘Workflow mapping’ ta taimaka wajen rubutun kowane yadda ake yin amfani da ‘production chain’, kuma ta taimaka wajen gano ‘hidden inefficiencies’ da ‘bottlenecks’ a cikin kowane yadda ake yin ‘crushing’, ‘screening’, da ‘conveying’.

Wane ne kamar yadda ake yin ‘bottlenecks’ a cikin ‘aggregate production lines’?

‘Bottlenecks’ suna zuwa daga ‘timing mismatches’ a tsakanin yadda, ‘inconsistent feed rates’, ko ‘equipment’ ba su da ‘synchronized capacities’.

Yaya ne ‘zoning strategies’ zasu taimaka wajen kare ‘material losses’ a cikin ‘aggregate production’?

‘Effective zoning’ ta kare ‘material transfer points’, ta kare ‘unnecessary movement’, kuma ta amfani da ‘enclosures’ da ‘sealed skirts’ don kare ‘spillage’ da ‘dust generation’.

Yaya ne ‘real-time monitoring’ ta yi amince wajen kare ‘efficiency’?

‘Real-time monitoring’ ta tabbata ‘consistent feed rates’, ta nuna ‘cycle time deviations’, kuma ta ba da shi da ‘immediate corrective actions’ don kare ‘delays’ da kare ‘efficiency’.